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Rating: 
Summary: What it means to be human
Review: A bit of philosophy that occasionally reached beyond me, but an engaging read on the meaning of being human.
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Summary: Towards a new christian civilization
Review: The book Integral Humanism can be considered as one of the most important books of the twentieth century. It is Maritains masterwork on social philosophy. It was first published in Spain as a result of six lectures on the university of Santander in 1934. The whole idea of the book, is that the crisis of the Modern times is a problem of the question of what humanism is? He shows that the great problems of communism and liberalism is that it is based on an antropocentric humanism. Against this form of humanism Maritain defends a theocentric humanism, which gives meaning and value to the human person. His idea of the human person has been known as Personalism. The person is more important than the totality of society. As an individual he belongs to society and therefore he has to obey the laws etc. But as a person, society must be serving his neccessary rights to live a full human life, which also means for men to find his supernatural destiny. Only a society which has a notion of a common good can provide meaning for the human life. The society is organic, build up of lower relative autonomous groups. This idea is consistent with the earlier encyclical views of a Pope like Leo XIII and the ideas or roman catholicism on social issues. Maritain has been praised for the book, but also been criticized because of his lack of insight on economic issues. Altought he rejects marxism, he also has an anti-capitalist attitude. Maritain can be considered as one of the most influential roman catholic philosophers of the twentieth century and I think this work has still a lot of value for the problems of our time. Cornelis van Putten
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